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}} Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) is a private, non-profit institution with research programs focusing on cancer, neuroscience, plant genetics, genomics and quantitative biology.〔As described here: () and here: ()〕 It is one of 68 institutions supported by the Cancer Centers Program of the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) and has been an NCI-designated Cancer Center since 1987.〔()〕 The Laboratory is one of a handful of institutions that played a central role in the development of molecular genetics and molecular biology.〔Horace Freedland Judson, ''The Eighth Day of Creation: The Makers of the Revolution in Biology'' (Simon & Schuster, 1979), esp. pp. 65-69; also: 44-46; 53; 57-58; 62; 70; 82; 185; 232; 239; 247; 273; 321; 368; 392; 454; 458-59; 572-73.〕 It has been home to eight scientists who have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. CSHL is ranked among the leading basic research institutions in the world in molecular biology and genetics.〔See Thompson Reuters Essential Science Indicators, (). The ranking is based on average citation frequency of faculty research papers published between January 2002 and December 2012. (96.94 citations of each CSHL paper, average.)〕 The Laboratory is led by Bruce Stillman, a biochemist and cancer researcher. Since its inception in 1890, the institution’s campus on the north shore of Long Island has also been a center of biology education. Current CSHL educational programs serve professional scientists, doctoral students in biology, teachers of biology in the K-12 system, and students from the elementary grades through high school. The CSHL Meetings & Courses program annually draws over 8,500 scientists and students to the main campus.〔()〕 For this reason, many scientists consider CSHL a “crossroads of biological science.”〔Examples include: Francis Collins, M.D., Ph.D., current director of the U.S. National Institutes of Health: (); Nobel laureate Sydney Brenner: (); Nobel laureate Eric Kandel, M.D., referring to the institutional setting of CSHL's graduate school: (); See also: R. Sanders Williams, "Sputnik, Slime Molds, and Botticelli in the Making of a Physician-Scientist," in David A. Schwartz, ed., Medicine, Science and Dreams: The Making of Physician-Scientists (Springer, 2010, p. 103.)〕 CSH Asia (), in Suzhou, China, annually draws some 3,000 scientists to its meetings and courses. In 2015, CSHL announced a strategic affiliation with the nearby North Shore - LIJ Health System and the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research to advance cancer therapeutics research, develop a new clinical cancer research unit at the North Shore-LIJ Cancer Institute's headquarters in Lake Success, NY, to support early-phase clinical studies of new cancer therapies, and recruit and train more clinician-scientists in oncology.〔http://www.cshl.edu/news-and-features/cold-spring-harbor-laboratory-and-north-shore-lij-announce-strategic-affiliation-to-accelerate-benefits-of-cancer-research-to-patients.html〕 ==Research programs== Research staff in CSHL’s 52 laboratories numbers over 600, including postdoctoral researchers; an additional 125 graduate students and 500 administrative and support personnel bring the total number of employees to over 1,200.〔()〕 Cell biology and genomics RNA interference (RNAi) and small-RNA biology; DNA replication; RNA splicing; signal transduction; genome structure; non-coding RNAs; deep sequencing; single-cell sequencing and analytics; chromatin dynamics; structural biology; advanced proteomics; mass spectrometry; advanced microscopy. Cancer research Principal cancer types under study: breast, prostate, blood (leukemia, lymphoma); melanoma; liver; ovarian and cervical; lung; brain; pancreas. Research foci: drug resistance; cancer genomics; tumor microenvironment; growth control in mammalian cells; transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation. Neuroscience (Stanley Institute for Cognitive Genomics ) employs deep sequencing and other tools to study genetics underlying schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression. (Swartz Center for the Neural Mechanisms of Cognition ) studies cognition in the normal brain as a baseline for understanding dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Other research foci: autism genetics; mapping of the mammalian brain; neural correlates of decision making. Plant genetics Plant genome sequencing; epigenetics and stem cell fate; stem cell signaling; using genetic insights to increase yield of staple crops, e.g., maize, rice, wheat; increase fruit yield in flowering plants, e.g., tomato. Other initiatives: genetics of aquatic plants for biofuel development; lead role in building National Science Foundation’s (iPlant )〔IPlant Collaborative and ()〕 cyberinfrastructure. (Simons Center for Quantitative Biology ) Genome assembly and validation; mathematical modeling and algorithm development; population genetics; applied statistical and machine learning; biomedical text-mining; computational genomics; cloud computing and Big Data. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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